How is hepatitis C spread?

Hepatitis C is spread when blood from an infected person enters the bloodstream if an uninfected individual. Today, most people become infected with the hepatitis C virus by sharing needles or other equipment to inject drugs. Before 1992, when widespread screening of the blood supply began in the United States, hepatitis C was also commonly spread blood through transfusions and organ transplants. Hepatitis C is also sometimes spread through needle stick injuries in healthcare settings and to infants from infected mothers during child birth. Contracting the virus from sharing personal care items and sexual contact can happen, but both are rare.

What is the difference between acute hepatitis C and chronic hepatitis C?

Acute hepatitis C virus infection is a short-term illness that occurs within the first 6 months after someone is exposed to the hepatitis C virus. For most people, acute infection leads to chronic infection. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is a long-term illness that occurs when the hepatitis C virus remains in a person’s body. Chronic infection can last a lifetime and lead to serious liver problems, including cirrhosis or liver cancer.

How often does acute hepatitis C become chronic?

Approximately 75%-85% of people who become infected with the hepatitis C virus develop chronic infection.